@Jer 41:1-18. ISHMAEL MURDERS GEDALIAH AND OTHERS, THEN FLEES TO THE AMMONITES. JOHANAN PURSUES HIM, RECOVERS THE CAPTIVES, AND PURPOSES TO FLEE TO EGYPT FOR FEAR OF THE CHALDEANS.
1. seventh month--the second month after the burning of the city
(@Jer 52:12,13).
and the princes--not the nominative. And the princes came, for
the "princes" are not mentioned either in @Jer 41:2 or in
@2Ki 25:25: but, "Ishmael being of the seed royal and of the princes
of the king" [MAURER]. But the ten men were the "princes of the
king"; thus MAURER'S objection has no weight: so English Version.
eat bread together--Ishmael murdered Gedaliah, by whom he was
hospitably received, in violation of the sacred right of hospitality
(@Ps 41:9).
2. slew him whom the king of Babylon had made governor--This assigns a reason for their slaying him, as well as showing the magnitude of their crime (@Da 2:21 Ro 13:1).
3. slew all the Jews--namely, the attendants and ministers of Gedaliah; or, the military alone, about his person; translate, "even (not 'and,' as English Version) the men of war." The main portion of the people with Gedaliah, including Jeremiah, Ishmael carried away captive (@Jer 41:10,16).
4. no man knew it--that is, outside Mizpah. Before tidings of the murder had gone abroad.
5. beards shaven, &c.--indicating their deep sorrow at the
destruction of the temple and city.
cut themselves--a heathen custom, forbidden (@Le 19:27,28 De 14:1).
These men were mostly from Samaria, where the ten tribes, previous to
their deportation, had fallen into heathen practices.
offerings--unbloody. They do not bring sacrificial victims, but
"incense," &c., to testify their piety.
house of . . . Lord--that is, the place where the house of the Lord
had stood (@2Ki 25:9). The place in which a temple had stood, even
when it had been destroyed, was held sacred
[PAPINIAN]. Those "from
Shiloh" would naturally seek the house of the Lord, since it was at
Shiloh it originally was set up (@Jos 18:1).
6. weeping--pretending to weep, as they did, for the ruin of the
temple.
Come to Gedaliah--as if he was one of Gedaliah's retinue.
7. and cast them into . . . pit--He had not killed them in the pit (compare @Jer 41:9); these words are therefore rightly supplied in English Version. "The pit" or cistern made by Asa to guard against a want of water when Baasha was about to besiege the city (@1Ki 15:22). The trench or fosse round the city [GROTIUS]. Ishmael's motive for the murder seems to have been a suspicion that they were coming to live under Gedaliah.
8. treasures--It was customary to hide grain in cavities underground
in troubled times. "We have treasures," which we will give, if our lives
be spared.
slew . . . not--(@Pr 13:8). Ishmael's avarice and needs overcame
his cruelty.
9. because of Gedaliah--rather, "near Gedaliah," namely, those intercepted by Ishmael on their way from Samaria to Jerusalem and killed at Mizpah, where Gedaliah had lived. So @2Ch 17:15, "next"; @Ne 3:2, Margin, literally, as here, "at his hand." "In the reign of Gedaliah" [CALVIN]. However, English Version gives a good sense: Ishmael's reason for killing them was because of his supposing them to be connected with Gedaliah.
10. the king's daughters--(@Jer 43:6). Zedekiah's. Ishmael must have got additional followers (whom the hope of gain attracted), besides those who originally set out with him (@Jer 41:1), so as to have been able to carry off all the residue of the people. He probably meant to sell them as slaves to the Ammonites (see on Jer 40:14).
11. Johanan--the friend of Gedaliah who had warned him of Ishmael's treachery, but in vain (@Jer 40:8,13).
12. the . . . waters--(@2Sa 2:13); a large reservoir or lake.
in Gibeon--on the road from Mizpah to Ammon: one of the sacerdotal
cities of Benjamin, four miles northwest of Jerusalem, now Eljib.
13. glad--at the prospect of having a deliverer from their captivity.
14. cast about--came round.
16. men of war--"The men of war," stated in @Jer 41:3 to have
been slain by Ishmael, must refer to the military about Gedaliah's
person; "the men of war" here to those not so.
eunuchs--The kings of Judah had adopted the bad practice of having
harems and eunuchs from the surrounding heathen kingdoms.
17. dwelt--for a time, until they were ready for their journey to
Egypt (@Jer 42:1-22).
habitation to Chimham--his "caravanserai" close by Beth-lehem. David,
in reward for Barzillai's loyalty, took Chimham his son under his
patronage, and made over to him his own patrimony in the land of
Beth-lehem. It was thence called the habitation of Chimham
(Geruth-Chimham), though it reverted to David's heirs in the year of
jubilee. "Caravanserais" (a compound Persian word, meaning "the
house of a company of travellers") differ from our inns, in that there
is no host to supply food, but each traveller must carry with him his
own.
18. afraid--lest the Chaldeans should suspect all the Jews of being implicated in Ishmael's treason, as though the Jews sought to have a prince of the house of David (@Jer 41:1). Their better way towards gaining God's favor would have been to have laid the blame on the real culprit, and to have cleared themselves. A tortuous policy is the parent of fear. Righteousness inspires with boldness (@Ps 53:5 Pr 28:1).