@Isa 61:1-11. MESSIAH'S OFFICES: RESTORATION OF ISRAEL.
Messiah announces His twofold commission to bring gospel mercy at His first coming, and judgments on unbelievers and comfort to Zion at His second coming (@Isa 61:1-9); the language can be applied to Isaiah, comforting by his prophecies the exiles in Babylon, only in a subordinate sense.
1. is upon me; because . . . hath anointed me--quoted by Jesus as
His credentials in preaching (@Lu 4:18-21). The Spirit is upon
Me in preaching, because Jehovah hath anointed Me from the womb
(@Lu 1:35), and at baptism, with the Spirit "without measure," and
permanently "abiding" on Me (@Isa 11:2 Joh 1:32 3:34 Ps 45:7; with
which compare @1Ki 1:39,40 @1Ki 19:16 Ex 29:7). "Anointed" as
Messiah, Prophet, Priest, and King.
good tidings--as the word "gospel" means.
the meek--rather, "the poor," as @Lu 4:18 has it; that is, those
afflicted with calamity, poor in circumstances and in spirit
(@Mt 11:5).
proclaim liberty--(@Joh 8:31-36). Language drawn from the
deliverance of the Babylonian captives, to describe the deliverance from
sin and death (@Heb 2:15); also from the "liberty proclaimed" to all
bond-servants in the year of jubilee (@Isa 61:2 Le 25:10 Jer 34:8,9).
opening of the prison--The Hebrew rather is, "the most complete opening," namely, of the eyes to them that are bound, that is,
deliverance from prison, for captives are as it were blind in the
darkness of prison (@Isa 14:17 35:5 42:7)
[EWALD]. So @Lu 4:18 and
the Septuagint interpret it; @Lu 4:18, under inspiration, adds
to this, for the fuller explanation of the single clause in the
Hebrew, "to set at liberty them that are bruised"; thus expressing
the double "opening" implied; namely, that of the eyes (@Joh 9:39),
and that of the prison (@Ro 6:18 7:24,25 @Heb 2:15). His miracles
were acted parables.
2. acceptable year--the year of jubilee on which "liberty was
proclaimed to the captives" (@Isa 61:1 @2Co 6:2).
day of vengeance--The "acceptable time of grace" is a "year"; the
time of "vengeance" but "a day" (so @Isa 34:8 63:4 Mal 4:1). Jesus
(@Lu 4:20,21) "closed the book" before this clause; for the interval
from His first to His second coming is "the acceptable year"; the day of
vengeance" will not be till He comes again (@2Th 1:7-9).
our God--The saints call Him "our God"; for He cometh to "avenge"
them (@Re 6:10 19:2).
all that mourn--The "all" seems to include the spiritual Israelite
mourners, as well as the literal, who are in @Isa 61:3 called
"them that mourn in Zion," and to whom @Isa 57:18 refers.
3. To appoint . . . to give--The double verb, with the one and the
same accusative, imparts glowing vehemence to the style.
beauty for ashes--There is a play on the sound and meaning of the
Hebrew words, peer, epher, literally, "ornamental headdress" or
tiara (@Eze 24:17), worn in times of joy, instead of a headdress
of "ashes," cast on the head in mourning (@2Sa 13:19).
oil of joy--Perfumed ointment was poured on the guests at joyous
feasts (@Ps 23:5 45:7,8 Am 6:6). On occasions of grief its use was
laid aside (@2Sa 14:2).
garment of praise--bright-colored garments, indicative of thankfulness,
instead of those that indicate despondency, as sackcloth (@Joh 16:20).
trees of righteousness--Hebrew, terebinth trees; symbolical of
men strong in righteousness, instead of being, as heretofore, bowed
down as a reed with sin and calamity
(@Isa 1:29,30 Isa 42:3 1Ki 14:15 Ps 1:3 92:12-14 Jer 17:8).
planting of . . .
Lord--(See on Isa 60:21).
that he might be glorified--(@Joh 15:8).
4. old wastes--Jerusalem and the cities of Judah which long lay in ruins (see on Isa 58:12).
5. stand--shall wait on you as servants (@Isa 14:1,2 60:10).
6. But ye--as contrasted with the strangers. Ye shall have no
need to attend to your flocks and lands: "strangers" will do that for
you; your exclusive business will be the service of Jehovah as His
"priests" (@Ex 19:6, which remains yet to be realized; compare as to
the spiritual Israel, @Isa 66:21 1Pe 2:5,9 Re 1:6 5:10).
Ministers--(@Eze 44:11).
eat . . . riches of . . . Gentiles--(@Isa 60:5-11).
in their glory . . . boast yourselves--rather, "in their splendor ye
shall be substituted in their stead"; ye shall substitute yourselves
[MAURER].
7. double--Instead of your past share, ye shall have not merely as
much, but "double" as much reward (@Isa 40:2 Zec 9:12; compare the
third clause in this verse).
confusion--rather, "humiliation," or "contumely."
rejoice--They shall celebrate with jubilation their portion
[MAURER]. Transition from the second to the third person.
in their land--marking the reference to literal Israel, not to the
Church at large.
everlasting joy--(@Isa 35:10).
8. judgment--justice, which requires that I should restore My people,
and give them double in compensation for their sufferings.
robbery for burnt offering--rather, from a different Hebrew root,
the spoil of iniquity [HORSLEY].
So in @Job 5:6. Hating, as I
do, the rapine, combined with iniquity, perpetrated on My people
by their enemies, I will vindicate Israel.
direct . . . work in truth--rather, "I will give them
the reward of their work" (compare @Isa 40:10,
Margin; @Isa 49:4, Margin;
@Isa 62:11, Margin).
9. known--honorably; shall be illustrious (@Ps 67:2).
people--rather, "peoples."
seed . . . blessed--(@Isa 65:23).
10. Zion (@Isa 61:3) gives thanks for God's returning favor
(compare @Lu 1:46,47 Hab 3:18).
salvation . . . righteousness--inseparably connected together. The
"robe" is a loose mantle thrown over the other parts of the dress
(@Ps 132:9,16 149:4 Re 21:2 19:8).
decketh himself with ornaments--rather "maketh himself a
priestly headdress," that is, a magnificent headdress, such as was
worn by the high priest, namely, a miter and a plate, or crown of gold
worn in front of it [AQUILA, &c.];
appropriate to the "kingdom of
priests," dedicated to the offering of spiritual sacrifices to God
continually (@Ex 19:6 Re 5:10 20:6).
jewels--rather, "ornaments" in general
[BARNES].
11. (@Isa 45:8,55:10,11 Ps 72:3 85:11).
bud--the tender shoots.
praise--(@Isa 60:18 62:7).